: Carnap, “The Methodological Character of Theoretical
Concepts,” §§1-6, beginning of §7 (through the paragraph that ends on
top of p. 54), and §§8–10; Putnam, “What Theories Are Not.”
: Neurath, “Pseudorationalism of Falsification”;
Putnam “The ‘Corroboration’ of Theories”; Lakatos, “Popper on
Demarcation and Induction,” through end of part I (pp. 241–52).